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Appendix
Appendix
Neo-Tech, The Philosophical Zero
by
Ray Kotobuki
0. The Voice Of Honesty
For three millennia since the dawn of consciousness, humanity has lived under the spell of mysticism. Mysticism is the disease, epistemological disease, of human consciousness which promotes, internally as well as externally, false notions that create problems where none in fact exist. Mysticism is the seed of dishonesty that involves rationalizations, non sequiturs, and mind-generated "truths" and "realities." Mysticism is also the ground of neocheating wherein the seed of dishonesty proliferates into the monstrous noxiousness that destroys values and causes suffering.
However, despite all-afflicting, omnipresent mysticism, amidst pervasive destruction and suffering effected by noxious neocheating, man has brought a monumental edifice of knowledge and values into existence. That edifice of knowledge and values is literally the monument of man's virtues -- of heroic effort and honesty exerted countless times by the producers of values among us. Such value producers include Philolaus, Aristarchus, and Copernicus in astronomy; Galileo, Newton, and Einstein in physics; Aristotle, Ayn Rand, and Frank R. Wallace in philosophy; and Jay Gould, Henry Ford, Mark Hamilton, and Soichiro Honda in business.
Honesty needs no support save the evidence of reality, while dishonesty begets myriad distortions of reality in order to sustain its frail existence. The voice of honesty is confident, firm, yet quiet. The voice of dishonesty is uncertain, flimsy, but loud. The loud voice of dishonesty seems to have prevailed throughout history by the sheer force of its volume, yet it is the voice of honesty that has permeated the world and carried humanity always forward. The roots of dishonesty are now identified for the first time by Neo-Tech (the voice of fully integrated honesty based on contextual facts and objective reality). Neo-Tech will forever uproot dishonesty by curing mysticism and eradicating neocheating, and thus the voice of dishonesty will no longer be heard on this planet.
Through Neo-Tech, at last the time has come for the voice of honesty to prevail. At last the time has come for the lives of honest men and women to soar into power, prosperity, and happiness. At last the time has come for the Neo-Tech world to unfold. In light of the monumental values that man has produced within the last three millennia despite prevalent mysticism and neocheating, imagine how much value humanity can produce without mysticism and neocheating. It is indeed to imagine the unimaginable and to think the unthinkable. For, with Neo-Tech (fully integrated honesty), humanity now steps into the dimension of infinity and the realm of eternity...into infinite value and eternal life.
History, science, and philosophy interweave in harmony throughout this treatise to bring to light a resplendent new system of knowledge -- Neo-Tech, while revealing, implicitly as well as explicitly, a new stratosphere of conscious intellection -- Neothink. Upon reading this treatise, readers will not only gain knowledge of little-known aspects of history and science but will also be able to integrate Neo-Tech and Neothink to reach new heights of awareness, prosperity, and happiness forever.
This treatise is a window to human history and a preamble to eternity that chronicles the ascent of human consciousness through the purgatory of mysticism into the sunlit universe of Neo-Tech/Neothink.
"In the center of everything rules the Sun; for who in this most beautiful temple could place this luminary at another or better place whence it can light up the whole at once? ...In fact, the Sun sitting on a royal throne guides the family of stars surrounding him...the Earth conceives by the Sun, and through him becomes pregnant with annual fruits. In this arrangement, we thus find an admirable harmony of the world, and a constant harmonious connection between the motion and the size of the orbits as could not be found otherwise." -- Copernicus
The publication of "On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres (De revolutionibus orbium coelestium)" by the Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) in 1543 marked a complete break from the entire system of ancient astronomy previously conceived by Greek scientists such as Eudoxus, Callipus, Aristotle, Apollonius, Hipparchus, and ultimately by Claudius Ptolemy. The system which those Greeks had developed has been termed the geocentric (Earth-centered) theory of the universe. The new system which Copernicus propounded has been termed the heliocentric (Sun-centered) theory of the universe.
By ascribing to the Earth a daily spin on its own axis, which gyrated, and an annual orbit around the Sun, which was stationary, Copernicus evolved a new system of the universe which opposed Aristotle, who had cogently argued the fixity of the Earth. This provided a superior alternative to Ptolemy's geocentric universe, which had been propounded in his "Mathematical Compositions" (also known as "The Almagest") and which dominated the astronomical conception of humanity for over 1400 years.
In Western Christendom the views of Aristotle and Ptolemy had been elevated to the level of religious dogma, and to many thoughtful intellectuals of the Renaissance, those views stifled further development in science and were long overdue for revision. The geocentric theory had also been used as the "scientific" basis for the Christian theological/cosmological notion of a two-dimensional flat world existing sandwiched in parallel between Heaven above and Hell below. Copernicus was the first to successfully challenge the authorities of antiquity. In his search for a true picture of the "divinely ordained cosmos", Copernicus dethroned the Earth from the center of the cosmos and opened a new path which was to lead to the eventual dethronement of "God" himself.
Copernicus, however, refrained from publishing his work for nearly two decades. He feared the ecclesiastical jitteriness, which arose out of the dissensions between Catholics and Protestants. For his work might cause sufficient scandal for him to be charged with impugning the "authority" of the Church through his assertion that the earth was neither fixed nor at the center of the universe. That assertion might be construed as contradicting one "authorized" literal interpretation of certain passages in the Bible. But Copernicus was finally prevailed upon by his friends to allow his student, Rheticus, to publish his work. Toward the end of 1542, Copernicus was seized with apoplexy and paralysis; on May 24, 1543, an advance copy of his work was presented to him. On that same day he died, leaving behind a magnificent contribution -- a revolution in man's concept of the universe.
No longer could the Earth be considered to be the center of the universe nor could it be considered the epitome of creation or the center of all change and decay with the changeless cosmos encompassing it, for it was now a planet just like the others, simply yielding to mathematical description. No longer was it accurate to state that the Sun "rose" or "set" upon the Earth nor was it valid to view the universe in terms of "up" and "down" or "above" and "below", for those concepts were all perceptual delusions and had meaning only within the confines of the geocentric universe.
The revolution of knowledge that began with the publication of "On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres" and led to the further discoveries by Johann Kepler (1571-1630), Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), and Isaac Newton (1642-1727) is rightly termed "The Copernican Revolution". The value of the Copernican Revolution, however, does not end in the fact that Copernicus brought about a complete shift in man's philosophical conception of the universe. He epitomized a revolution in man's consciousness as well.
Through his identification of the physical structure of the universe, Copernicus eloquently demonstrated the power of reason and consciousness when unhindered by perceptivity-bound preconceptions. Through Copernicus, the universe evolved from a mere sensory/perceptual experience into a conceptual scheme or design which transcended immediate human perception. For perceptivity-centered consciousness does not take perceptual experiences as data but as conclusions, whereas conceptuality-centered consciousness takes experience, perceptual as well as conceptual, as data and constructs a model that reflects the structural design of the universe. There is a subtle but unmistakable distinction between the two, and that distinction is what the Copernican Revolution exemplified in the history of human consciousness.
A profound restructuring of consciousness and a considerable conceptual leap is required to conceive of a heliocentric universe in which the Earth is in motion around the Sun while spinning on its own axis. Copernicus vividly demonstrated the conceptuality-centered conscious mode at the dawn of modern history and elevated human consciousness to the level that had once been achieved by the Greeks 1700 years before him.
Perception is always concerned with events, whereas conception is primarily concerned with interrelations between events. And the universe is the complex aggregate of the whole interrelations of events in existence. In order to comprehend that complex aggregate of interrelations known as the universe, one must transcend the seeming subjective reality of perceptual experience and construct a conceptual map in concordance with logic that best reflects the underlying design principles of the universe. By moving from the perceptivity-centered to the conceptuality-centered, one enters the realm of objective reality, and it is the knowledge of objective reality that gives the power to harness and control the universe -- power that can be claimed only by a conscious being.
When one is fully integrated in conceptual consciousness, he can enter the sphere of Neothink. Neothink is forward moving integrated consciousness completely free of mysticism. Neo-Tech is the system of knowledge through which Neothink is fully realized. What the Copernican Revolution started Neo-Tech completes, and brings forth a new revolution, the Neo-Tech Revolution, which will take humanity into dimensions of knowledge never before imagined.
Since its birth about 3000 years ago from the bicameral mind, consciousness has taken three distinct modes of operation: the first is the perceptivity-centered mode that emulates the bicameral mind and takes perception as the conclusive picture of reality while using concepts to rationalize perception -- exemplified by the geocentric concept; the second is the conceptuality-centered mode that takes experience, perceptual as well as conceptual, as data to construct the conceptual model of reality -- exemplified by the heliocentric concept and the Copernican Revolution; the third is the Neo-Tech/Neothink mode, that operates contextually, synergetically using both hemispheres of the brain to develop never before known integrations and concepts.
Frank R. Wallace's epochal discovery, Neo-Tech[ 41 ], was not only a breakthrough in knowledge but also a revolution of human intellection. Neo-Tech and Neothink are symbiotically linked in the same manner as the Copernican Revolution and the conceptuality-centered mode. Every time a new integration of knowledge is formed, an element of Neothink is always involved. However, except for Neo-Tech, no system of knowledge has ever identified a contextuality-centered, Neo-Tech/Neothink mode. Thus, no system of knowledge has ever explored the unseen dimensions of Neo-Tech/Neothink and developed it to its fullest potential. With the Neo-Tech/Neothink mode, the perceptivity-centered mode becomes obsolete and the conceptuality-centered mode evolves into entirely new dimensions.
During the first decade of the 16th century when Copernicus was still forming his astronomical hypotheses, he read the works of many Greek authors and found that heliocentric ideas had already been propounded. He mentions in his work some of those Greek mathematician-astronomers who held distinctly different views of the celestial system from that of Aristotle and Ptolemy, although not necessarily heliocentric, such as Philolaus, Hicetus, Ecphantus, and Heraclides ("On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres", Book One). Indeed, the geocentric theories were not the only systems known to the Greeks, nor even at times the most accepted.
Between the sixth and fourth century B.C., there was a philosophical society known as the Pythagorean society in Greece. Pythagoras of Samos (c. 582-500 B.C.), founder of the society, traveled extensively in his youth by way of the sea to the East as well as to Egypt, and not only accumulated a wealth of knowledge from different corners of the Earth but also obtained a unique perspective that was possible only for the celestial navigator-businessmen of the time, i.e., the sphericity of the Earth.
Astronomy and mathematics, particularly trigonometry, originated to a great measure among those celestial navigator-businessmen of antiquity whose survival almost entirely depended upon knowing the relative positions and movements of the celestial bodies. Furthermore, while traveling across the sea by observing the movements of the celestial spheres, it became revealingly clear to them that the Earth was a spherical entity. (Around 200 B.C., three hundred years after Pythagoras, Phoenician navigator-businessmen circumnavigated the Earth for the first time in recorded history and proved that the Earth was indeed spherical, preceding Magellan by more than 1700 years.)
Pythagoras returned to Greece with the perspective and the knowledge of the navigator-businessmen, along with other knowledge which he acquired in the far corners of the world and founded at Croton, a Greek colony in southern Italy, an academy that was devoted to a life of mathematical speculation and philosophical contemplation. It is clearly evidenced that the Pythagorean scientists were the first recorded humans in history to conceive of the Earth, the celestial bodies, and even the universe as a whole, as spherical entities.
Around 410 B.C., the Pythagorean Philolaus of Tarentum (c. 480-400 B.C.) conceived of the Earth as a spherical body in motion around a central cosmic fire. He also postulated that the stars, the Sun, the Moon, and the five known planets -- Venus, Mercury, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn -- were spherical bodies. His Sun was not at the center; as the Earth revolved around the central fire once a day and the Moon once a month, the Sun moved around the same cosmic fire once a year. The other planets took even longer periods to orbit around the fire, while the sphere of the fixed stars was stationary.
Around 350 B.C., a latter-day Pythagorean, Heraclides of Pontus (c. 373 B.C.), conceived of the Earth sphere as spinning west to east, adopting the earlier view of two Pythagoreans, Hicetus and Ecphantus, in order to explain the apparent diurnal rotation of the celestial system. He also suggested that Mercury and Venus moved in circular orbits around the Sun, accounting for the changes in their apparent brightness. He further speculated that the universe was infinite, each star being a world in itself, composed of an earth and other planets. However, Heraclides' universe, like that of Hicetus and Ecphantus, was as yet geocentric and his Earth spun at the center of the fixed stars.
Around 250 B.C., the greatest astronomer of the Alexandrian period, Aristarchus of Samos (c. 310-230 B.C.), postulated that the Earth rotated on its axis daily, and revolved around the Sun in a circular orbit once a year, the Sun and the fixed stars being stationary, the planets moving in circular orbits with the Sun at the center, and the Moon revolving around the Earth. Thus, in Aristarchus the heliocentric conception of the universe had reached its near-complete formulation. No one until Copernicus more than 1750 years later described the celestial system as well and accurately as Aristarchus had done in his now lost treatise. (According to Plutarch, the head of the Stoic school of philosophy, Cleanthes, demanded that Aristarchus ought to have been indicted for impiety. Aristarchus was indeed almost killed for his revolutionary thoughts.)
Based upon these historical accounts, it is clear that a special chain of the Greek mathematician-astronomer-cosmologist-philosophers consisting primarily of Philolaus, Heraclides, and Aristarchus had successively evolved a concept of the universe which was in fair agreement with that of Copernicus over 1750 years later. Why is it then that the heliocentric concept of the universe with its spinning Earth did not evolve further after Aristarchus? Why is it that genuine knowledge of the celestial world had to be buried in the obscurity of the terrestrial realm? Why is it that a theory so luminous had to remain in darkness and wait for centuries to be rediscovered?
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[ 41 ] Consider a flatlander living in a two-dimensional universe being flipped up into a three-dimensional universe then falling back into his flat-plane universe. Observing only a series of two-dimensional planes or lines fly by as he travels through three-dimensional space, that flatlander would have no adequate way to understand a three-dimensional universe and would have no way to explain it to his fellow flatlanders. ...Do not confuse this useful dimensional analogy with the invalid analogy of Plato's cave to so-called higher realities. No higher or multirealities exist. Only one reality exists.
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